Introduction In reinforced cement concrete (RCC) design, two main approaches are used: Working Stress Method (WSM) and Limit State Method ...

The slump test is one of the most common workability tests for fresh concrete in construction. It is simple, quick, ...

Introduction Pile foundations are one of the most important deep foundation solutions in civil engineering. They transfer heavy structural loads ...

Shoring in construction is a temporary support technique used to stabilize structures like excavations, trenches, or unsafe walls. It prevents ...

In civil engineering, three key concrete types are commonly used: Each serves a unique purpose. This article explains what they ...